1436 Jungong Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, ChinaArea: approx 300 sqmConstruction: August, 2010 May, 2011Chief Designer: Philip F.

YuanDesign Team: Alex Han, Fuzi HePhotographer: Zhonghai Shen © Zhonghai ShenThe Tea House, located in the backyard of Archi Union’s J office, is constructed from the salvaged parts of the original warehouse’s collapsed roof.

The site was extremely constricted with walls on three sides, and with only one side facing towards a nopen space that contains a pool.

The design tries to embody harmony by integrating enclosure and openness, delightful space and logical construction and other complicated relations.

Zhonghai ShenThis building reactsto the site’s environment; the plan layout is a logically obscure quadrilateral, thus maximizing the amount of space.

A covered public area is formed towards the open space with the pool, with an enclosed tea house at ground level and library on the first floor where a small triangular balcony extends around the existing tree.

Other more private spaces exist such as a lounge, reading room and service room whichare arranged towards the rear of the building; a delightful transitional space was created to connect the public space and the private spaces.

Zhonghai ShenThe transitional space was designed around a twisted nonlinear hexahedron staircase, which connects the functional spaces.

The stair resolves the vertical transportation issue fromthe tea house and the library and provides an inner courtyard near the reading room for viewing the existing tree.

The space was designed to bring a new experience to an ordinary functional space.

Linear space suddenly changes into an expressive form, surging from the tea house then transforming into a tranquilspace for the library on the floor above, making the reading room a special place to sit.

Zhonghai ShenThe volume is a three dimensional irregular shape which is impossible to be understood through plans.

The twisting shape was designed by scripting in Grasshopper an algorithmic plug in for Rhino.

The constraints of manual construction obligedus to invent solutions at the time of construction to realize the advanced digital design with local low tech construction techniques.

Firstly we abstracted the structural skeleton which was subsequently scanned with digital software.

Zhonghai ShenThis curved shape was then recalculated through interlacing straight lines; these lines were then formed into ruled surfacesfilling the void.

The spacing wassetto the dimension of timber, thus the digital ‘setting out’ could be easily translated into a manually constructible shape.

A 1:1 timber framework was produced by following the same logic as the digital model; a subdivided timber shuttering covered this framework to create a curved form work.

The form work was built through a series of upper and lower layers according to the construction sequence.

The casting was almost the same as ordinary concrete casting, reinforced with re bars following the straight lines of the ruled surface.

Zhonghai ShenConcrete casting after the reinforced bar was completed by manual labor and the final physical effect was achieved.

The traces of the timber formwork remained imprinted on the poured concrete after construction, with quality defects such as bubbles, adhesive failures and re bar exposure present due to the manual construction – defects, however, that are obscured by the unique curved shape.

Although there are errorsofin the formwork, planning and manual casting the combination of digital design and low tech manual construction provided a great opportunity to study the possibilities of digital architecture.

Kenneth Kennedy is a business journalist based in Hong Kong, China. Kenneth has a passion for financial markets and breaking news stories and loves writing about business news, stock market, and economic opinions that matters most to its audience. Kenneth spends a lot of time discovering and researching latest financial markets and industry news stories in order to make sure the latest and greatest stories are brought to you first on BigBoardNews.com.